School Presentation on Quantum Physics

Note from mum:
This is Jacques' English homework. He has to choose a subject of interest (any subject), and prepare a presentation. The presentation itself is on Power Point slides. I put them together here so that the reader can read them together with the pictures. Have a nice journey into Jacques' world....!

Quantum physics is the study of particles, their behaviour and everything about the quantum world.

The atom was first thought up by Democritus, the Greek philosopher, who had believed that everything was made up of tiny building blocks which he named ‘atomos’, meaning indivisible. It is the smallest part of an element which ‘defines’ that element. It consists of electrons and a nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons. The electrons can only orbit the nucleus in set shells. Proportionately the space between the electrons and nucleus are so massive that if we were to take that space out of the whole human race, then all 6.8 billion of us would be no bigger than a sugar cube.

Protons and neutrons are not the smallest particles; in fact the proton is rather large relative to most particles. Within the proton and neutron there lay three quarks; there are two up quarks and one down quark in a proton whilst the neutron is made up of two down quarks and one up quark.
There are six types of quarks, as you can see on the board, which makes up most matter in the universe. Quarks belong to a group called elementary particles which consist of, literally, the smallest particles and are the main building blocks of the universe.
Gluons, photons and the w and z bosons are the four force carriers; photons mediate light, gluons sticks particles together whilst the w and z boson mediate the nuclear weak force, which causes radiation.
The three neutrinos are thought to be the main ingredient of dark matter, a virtually invisible and ‘ghostly’ form of matter which makes up about 90-95% of the universe. These neutrinos travel near the speed of light (300,000km/s), they have a neutral charge and almost always pass through regular matter making them extremely difficult to detect even though the Earth is bombarded by millions of tons every day!

Every particle has an antiparticle which has exactly the same mass and spin but with an opposite charge. The Universe is almost exactly symmetrical in the quantum world and so this brings up the question: why is there more matter than there is antimatter in the Universe presently? The answer lays in CP violation, charge conjugation and parity violation, which basically states that this symmetry is only a rough approximate.

In 1894 Max Planck began to work on the problem of black body radiation; how the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation (radio waves, microwaves, terahertz radiation, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x-rays and gamma rays) emitted by a black body (an idealised perfect absorber of electromagnetism) depends upon the frequency of the radiation hitting it. There were experiments made to explore this problem but there were no theories on the outcome of the experiments.

Then in 1899 Planck came up with the ‘Planck black-body radiation law’ which shows the spectrum of black-body radiation. From this he had to lead to the theory that electromagnetic energy can only exist in a quantised or particle form which he called quanta, later to be named by Einstein as photons. This then began quantum physics, leading to a century of huge leaps in quantum theory and earned him the reputation of being the Father of Quantum Physics. Max Planck then won a Nobel Prize in 1918 for the discovery of the energy quanta.

Einstein, as you all know, came up with the General Theory of Relativity which states that the fabric of space time is curved by bodies of mass, which causes gravity, and that time and space aren’t as linear as first thought; they can be shortened when one is travelling near the speed of light and that time and space are not universally uniform but are relative. For example the time for a commuter waiting for a train is different to someone on a train speeding past because the quicker someone is time begins to shrink and shrinks faster nearer the speed of light. This theory allows us to be able to understand the universe better and make sense of some seemingly random anomalies.

He also postulated Special Relativity (E=MC2) which states that light has a constant speed which therefore is an exception of General Relativity so light will seem to travel at the same speed to both the waiting commuter and the one on the train.

Einstein, Planck, de Broglie, Bohr and others to name a few, also contributed on wave-particle duality; an attempt to collaborate the wave and particle like behaviours of photons which concluded with the theory that light is both. They used experiments such as the double-slit experiment; light is shone through two parallel slits onto a screen creating an interference pattern due to the wave properties of light.

Niels Bohr, sometimes know as the Golden Dane, was a Danish physicist who was as well known and looked up to as Einstein and Planck in the 20th Century. He, using Ernest Rutherford’s theorems, hypothesised the idea of electron shells orbiting the nucleus of an atom which meant the characteristics of a chemical is largely determined by the amount of orbiting electrons.

He also predicted electrons being able to travel from a higher-energy state (an electron shell) to a lower-energy state (an electron shell closer to the nucleus) by emitting a photon.

With Werner Heisenberg, they created the Copenhagen Interpretation. This states that any particle does not exist in one state or another but in infinite states of all possible outcomes and is only decided when it is observed. It was collaborated from theories such as Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle and ideas from thought experiments such as the double-slit experiment and Schrödinger’s Cat.

A cat is placed beside some radioactive material and a Geiger counter, used to measure radioactivity, which is set up to break a vial of poison if the radioactive material decays. So if the Copenhagen Interpretation is correct, then the material has both decayed and not decayed therefore the vial of poison is both broke and not broke, so the cat is both alive and dead.

Werner Heisenberg was a German theoretical physicist who made great scientific leaps before World War 2 and was one of the leading physicists in the Uranverein (The Uranium club), which was the Nazi attempt to build stronger and better bombs by using nuclear fission.

Nuclear fission is basically when the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller nuclei, free neutrons and photons in the form of gamma rays.

Heisenberg hypothesised the Uncertainty Principle which states that certain pairs of properties (such as velocity and position or time and energy) can only have one property accurately measured while the other is less accurate. So the more accurate one is the less the other property is. For example if a photon’s position is measured its momentum is less accurate.
He, along with Pascual Jordan and Max Born, also gave birth to Matrix mechanics. Matrix mechanics interprets particles as matrices, a form of number arranging which means AB-BA doesn’t always equal zero. They then developed it into what is known as matrix mechanics. Because of this he won the Nobel Prize in 1932 whilst Born received it in 1954.

The LHC (The Large Hadron Collider) is the largest particle collider in the world and is used to collide two beams of protons. It is based in Geneva and was created by CERN, the European Organisation of Nuclear Research. It’s 27 km in circumference and lays deep underground at 50 to 175 metres. Over 10,000 scientists from 100 countries are involved with the LHC as well as universities and laboratories. CERN approved the design of the LHC in 1994 and the four main projects were approved between 1996 and 1998. The cost to make the accelerator was 3.03 billion Euros, they received 0.71 billion towards the experiment and 0.16 billion towards the computing.

It has four main projects: ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb. CMS and ATLAS were designed as general detectors and are used to find new particles and the Higgs Boson. ALICE was designed to look at the collisions of lead ions. Whilst LHCb is designed to find out why all the antimatter has gone and where to?

Questions and theories which will hopefully be answered because of the LHC are:
· The Higgs boson and the Higgs field; the origins of mass
· Supersymmetry; every particle has a supersymmetric partner which has a spin, a property of particles, different to its partner by a half.
· Extra dimensions
· Whether the four universal forces are manifestations of one single unified force.And why gravity is vastly weaker than the other three universal forces

In 2008 the LHC was finally finished and on the 10th September 2008 it successfully fired the first protons around the whole area in circuits. However on the 19th September one of the magnets holding the protons in circuit broke and lead to a loss of about 6 tonnes of liquid hydrogen which was used to stop the whole thing from overheating. On the 20th November the first low-energy particles were sent around the tunnel after the incident.

And on Tuesday 30th March, the two beams of protons collided at 7 TeV (teraelectronvolts), the highest energy ever produced by a collider, at 13:06 CEST, Central European Standard Time. They will continue colliding protons to make sure the first results are accurate. The results however will require months, years, possibly even decades to analyse and decode.
The LHC will hopefully revolutionise quantum physics by shedding light on old and modern theories.

Jack and (hopefully) his future bosses at CERN

Inner Peace

Here's another one similar to my previous e-mail only on inner peace. I won't send anymore tonight cuz i'm quite tired so, night people. Oh and if you don't want me to send anymore writting like this and the previous one to you then please feel free to reply. I know some of you may be to bussy to read the views of a 12 year old boy, so yeah. Most of these kinda writtings will have quite bad grammar so I apologize for that. Sorry i forgoten to attach file with the email las time

Love and Peace to all,
Jacques Bara

P.S
this e-mail has ver bad grammar as well. ;) :) B-) :p :b
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Inner Peace

Inner peace isn’t about being in the silent, empty, work-ridden place in your mind but to be calm and happy amidst all the commotion, energy and negativity of the world. If you see someone abusing or discriminating someone else and start to tell, say, a friend how rude and offensive that person was, then you your self are judging and being mean to them. To find inner peace is to ignore other people’s anger and hatred and to not let their bitterness be yours as well. There are lots of bad people and bad events which we can’t change, however we can try and help to prevent that happening by being peaceful. I firmly believe if everyone in the world becomes at peace with themselves then they would with everyone else. It’s so hard to not get mixed with other’s bitterness and to change the world, but we can help using our thoughts and how we feel and treat others. And yes, it is hard not to repel and be rude to someone if they just called you, but you can try and avoid them and ignoring them. I know the world is unfair and can be very cruel at times but when you are spending your last moments of life, you’ll realise and think on how much greater your life was because you stayed calm and ignored them. Fighting fire with fire only creates a larger one, so instead fight it with water, in this case being peaceful and not fighting back. Would you want to drop down to their level? After a hard time being calm and peaceful you give in and start to be bitter and so no one would like you or enjoy being with you. So to have inner peace you should try to love and be able to live with yourself without doubting because of comments from others. I know it can be hard for some of us but have faith and you’ll feel glad and happy that you achieved peace.

Appearance

Hi everyone! This is just something I wrote to express my views on appearances and judgemental stereotyping. In there I mentioned Susan Boyle; she's someone who performed for a widely-watched talent show and she wasn't the most beautifull person in the world, she was pretty ugly to be honest, but then surprised everyone with her brilliant singing. Hope you guys get some stuff from it, it's not the greatest written piece, I just wrote it because I was in a writting mood, and I might do some more things like this, on a different topic (maybe on positivity or something).

Love,
Jacques Bara
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Appearance

Appearance has become such a mould, such a base for society. Societies are heavily-emphasised with how we look, judging someone before they have even known them. For an example: Susan Boyle, she’s not the greatest looking person in the world and for this reason the audience judged her and declared she would be awful or is talent less; but she amazed them all with her beautifully inspiring singing. This proofs that talent can be hidden away from the world by appearance and judgemental stereotyping. Yes, we all judge and discriminate people for their appearance, but we should try and train ourselves not to. And those people who spend hours looking good or trying to be famous via beauty are, to be honest, quite shallow in their intents. I mean they’re not talent less, but they indulge themselves on a shallow and quite pathetic attempt of making people like them or love them. Just because someone is beautiful or you think they’re hot, doesn’t mean they’re nice or you would want to be around them. It’s the raw personality that counts, and to me that could be hidden under an ugly cover. Once, however, you’ve delved and explored their person will you be able to rid him or her of their cover and know that they, inside their heart, are beautiful in a mental and personal way. It’s the heart that’ll never fade or be forgotten. When you die people aren’t going to remember how you looked, they’re going to remember you by how you act and treat others. You may have pride over your appearance, I grant you that, but don’t let in consume you into someone who has only arrogance in their appearance and doesn’t let people know how nice or good they are but how bad they are or how ugly they are. And, I believe, most people who aren’t this ‘perfect image’ are the nicest people; they know how it feels to be ridiculed and discriminated and they don’t want to inflict the damage they’ve received to anyone else. No one’s perfect so you need not be this ‘perfect image’ but if you try to become that ‘perfect image’ you’ll never be truly loved. Don’t be one to quickly judge; if you don’t talk to someone based on their appearance you could be missing out on a good friend, a good opportunity.

Hard News: "Deadly Virus Kills at MGS"

Note from mum: This is Jack's English homework. They had to write a hard news article, of fictional event for a fictional newspaper.

Note from Jack: Please do not be scared or alarmed as this is not real!
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One thousand five hundred and seven pupils and 100 teachers at Manchester Grammar School (MGS) have been quarantined due to a rare and deadly disease, Pandemitus. This was caused by an English teacher, Miss Findon, who got too cold in the winter conditions and had all the symptoms of Pandemitus. After just a week of having it, sadly, she died. Greater Manchester police have agreed to release CCTV footage of MGS.

We interviewed Chief Constable Skipalot and his thoughts:
“MGS shall be quarantined until a cure or vaccine has been given to the entire world. We shall not have another ravage outbreak as in 1066 and the 1970s!”

This a rare event and, including now, has only ever happened three times throughout history. The first two outbreaks nearly caused the Earth into extinction leaving it as a lifeless void. In total there have been 14 billion deaths caused over the other two times it nearly ended the world.

It is caused by being too hot or/and cold which then causes the blood cells to explode and in effect causes Pandemitus. We discovered that it has eight major symptoms: tuberculosis, hyperthermia, nausea, stiff joints, kidney failure, fatigue, dementia and sweating blood.

Not only are the number of infected increasing, but also the death list just grows and grows and grows. Even as we speak scientists all over the world are busy finding a vaccine to prevent further infections and a cure to reduce the chances of death caused by Pandemitus.

Food supplies are limited to only ten tons each week. It is lowered by a helicopter hovering above the fields and then wheeled in by the caretaker. In pursue of an interview with the caretaker, I lowered the food supplies too quickly and accidentally whacked the caretaker and killed him. Further inspections showed he was already dying from the disease and so I just put him out of his misery.

For safety reasons, all insects and rodents are being exterminated, boiled water is given out since Pandemitus is waterborne, curfews are being taken and all the dead bodies are burned. The music block has been used for the infected as a ‘Death House’.

All who are infected outside of MGS are recommended to call ‘00813610150’ for advice on what to do. If all else fails, however, it’s best to commit suicide as you will not be able to infect others.

*Jacques Bara is health correspondent for The Blood and can be contacted by email jacques_bara@yahoo.co.uk

Homeworks

Since starting grammar school, Jack has been doing three homeworks a day. So there is no need to give him more assignments. However, some of his homeworks are essays and they quite a good read. Therefore, I am going to upload some of his homeworks from now on.

So far he got English and French ( yes, he chose French as his modern language) that should be typed on computer. I shall try to type his other homeworks such as history, classic, religious studies etc in due time.

Hope these essays could describe Jack's learning and development and hope the readers could also enjoy reading them for fun. After all, he is only 11 but has some interesting opinions expressed in his essays.

mum

Boy Meets World (First Day at Big School)

Rain (The Poem)

Note from mum: This is a poem by Jack. He suddenly wrote it and emailed it to me. I thought it's nice to publish it.... (mum)

Rain

Rain is pouring,
Outside my window
I can feel Rain,
As I can feel my heart beat
Rain is inspiring,
As it is pointless,
Though it must:
Water those who are in need

Before the men,
Before the women,
Before the children,
Before the animals,
Before the vegetation
Rain is there.

Water becomes rain;

Water feeds those in thirst

Water cools,
The world it is on,
Rain comes from water,
From the clouds
Rain drops,
Pouring on to the world:
Rain.

Independent Boy

Jack is now capable of ironing his own clothes - trousers and shirts. I am not the only who is proud of him. He is too.

Why? Because that is one step of becoming independent. He is only 11, yet he cooks, he washes dishes, and now he can iron his own clothes.

I know too many kids - boys and girls - and grown ups who cannot do these simple things on their own. I just don't agree with mothers - and nannies and cleaners - who spoilts their kids to become dependent unmature people.

I taught Jack to do a lot of stuff while he is young, while I still can supervise him in some ways. Hopefully, these habits of doing things on his own become a life time habit. At least when Jack is 18 and living on his own in a student hall or wherever in the world, he will confidently take care of himself. (and this quality will attract girls too! so I told him)

Well done son. Hope you will do good in your life...

A Brief History on World War II

Note: Jack has been learning about WW2 at school. So he wrote this on his own (this is not an assignment from any of us nor it is from his school). I guess this is the time when 11-year-old Jack starts educating his mum, because I did not learn this part of the history. My history lessons about WW2 was about the Pacific side - our vilain was the Japanese not the Germans. Well done son!

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World War II was a violent war between the Axis powers and the Allies. All across the world there were numerous battles and fights which brought many deaths and chaos.

The Axis powers

The Axis powers (sometimes known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, axis countries or just the Axis) were basically countries that approved of administrating the world. The three major Axis powers, Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, enrolled a military alliance to sign the Tripartite Pact, which originated their powers. People, of all varieties, were assassinated by the Axis armies, navies and air forces. Britain fought Germany and Italy, mostly in the air, in the Battle of Britain. Meanwhile, Japan fought the United States, alongside China, the United Kingdom, British India, Australia and Soviet Union, in the Pacific Wars.

The Allies

(Three of the central allied leader: Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin)

The Allies were countries who officially opposed to the Axis powers; the British Empire, the Soviet Union and the U.S.A were commonly known as ‘The Big Three’. Before France’s defeat in 1940, they were a major ally, though Poland’s dedications were, in fact, larger. Many countries fought for the Allies although some stayed neutral as time progressed.

The French Resistance

(Croix de Lorraine)

The French Resistance is a resistance movement who fought, mostly in France, the Germans and the Vichy Regime during World War II. Resistance groups consisted armed men and women of all ages, occupations and religions. Some would publish underground newspapers whilst others discovered secret passages which helped Allied soldiers escape. Their greatly-admired work was a great advantage for the Allies.

Evacuation in Britain

The only citizens who were evacuated to the countryside were children and pregnant women; the reason for this is because children are the future of Britain so you must protect the future. Though, some did stay at their homes as their already-miserable parents couldn’t bear the thought of evacuating their children. All evacuations went smoothly and no one was hurt or killed.

Air raid shelters

The two main shelters in Britain were the Anderson shelters (left) and the Morrison shelters (right). An Anderson shelter was, basically, a deep, dug-up hole covered with an arc of galvanised corrugated steel panels, which was then covered with the left-over earth. Morrison shelters were, oddly enough, tables with steel plate table tops, welded wire mesh sides and a metal ‘mattress’ type floors. Although Anderson shelters were obviously safer and more lives were saved by them, the Morrison shelters still saved many lives. Despite all this if a bomb fell on any of the shelters then the unfortunate people inside would die; shelters only protected people from the blast of bombs.

1939

Hitler invades Poland on Sept. 1st, Britain and France later declared war.

1940

Rationing began in the UK; this was to prevent an unfair share of food.
Churchill becomes the new Prime Minister of Britain.
The British Expeditionary Force were evacuated from Dunkirk, France.
Britain’s victory from the Battle of Britain forces Hitler to postpone his invasion plans.

1941

Operation Barbarossa began in 1941-the invasion of Russia.
The Blitz continued against Britain’s major cities (e.g. Manchester, London and Coventry)
Tobruk, North Africa is taken by the Allies who resisted German attacks.
Pearl Harbor is hit by Japan, the US joins the war.

1942

• Unfortunately, Singapore falls to Japan in February –around 25 thousand civilians were taken prisoners.
• Germany suffers a great setback in Stalingrad, Russia and El Alamein, Egypt.
• In June, American naval victory at the Battle of Midway marks a turning point in the Pacific War.
• Assassination of Jews began at Auschwitz, Poland.

1943

German surrendering in Stalingrad marks Hitler’s first major defeat.
Allied victory in North Africa enables the invasion of Italy.
Italy surrenders, but Germany takes over.
British and Indian forces battles with Japan in Burma.

1944

The Allies lands at Anzio and bombs monastery in Monte Cassino.
Soviet forces overwhelm Eastern Europe.
D Day: France is invaded by the Allies. Paris is liberated in August.
Guam gets liberated by the US Okinawa, and Iwo Jima gets bombed.

1945

Soviet troops liberate Auschwitz.
Russia reaches Berlin; Hitler committed suicide and the Germans surrendered on May 7th.
Truman replaces Roosevelt as President, whilst Atlee replaces Churchill.
After atomic bombs are dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, Japan surrenders August 4th, 99days after Germany’s surrender.
Despite the vast amount of deaths in World War II, countless survived and some are still here today to tell their extra-ordinary stories.

* * *

Death in the Grand Plaza

A short story by Jacques Bara

Ms. Davison sat comfortably in her armchair whilst reading an invitation from her old friend, Mrs. Crow. She read it to herself: ‘You, Jane Davison, are invited to a grand luncheon at the Grand Plaza.’ She was to come, as the invitation specifies, to the Grand Plaza, London at noon today. What a coincidence, she thought, as she was planning to go to London, to buy a new party hat. “Juliet?” “Yes, Ms Davison?” “I shall go to London to go to a luncheon and so I shall require my best outfit and shoes, not high heels.”, “Right away my lady.”

“Jane! How are you this fine day?” wondered Mrs. Crow, “Very well actually, Agatha. What a marvellous lounge this is! I see your old habits of pretending to be a hostess has paid off well.”

Wonderfully-crafted teak chairs sat around an onyx-glazed oak table; a magnificent, red rug (originated from China) lay proudly underneath all this. Half an hour later, the clock ticked exactly 12:00pm and suddenly a dozen of Mrs. Crow’s old friends came through the grand, leather-padded oak doors. “Ms. Davison! I am such a fan of your works; ‘The Scorching Desert’ is my personal favourite.” admired Mrs. Brown “The inspiration came from my exhausting trip to India” “Why Ms. Davison what a pleasure, Phillip Brown, teacher of literature. I and my dear wife were only just talking about you and Mrs. Crow, how unfortunate of her not to have any family.” “Yes poor old Agatha, I’m sure she’ll have a backup plan, maybe adoption in which case the child will then become heir to Mrs. Crow’s fortune.”

“Everybody I have some wonderful news to share with you all. For years you have assumed that I have no heir to my family fortunes when actually she has been living quietly with me in secret. It’s my pleasure to present you Jane Crow; I adopted her as soon as she was born, in Manchester, so I had the pleasure of picking a name for her, I chose Jane Crow after my dearest friend, Ms. Davison.” Gasps and claps filled the lounge as a beautiful girl walked inside; blonde, mid-30 and a great personality. “Why have you kept her this long from us, Agatha? A sense of guilt, maybe? Or was it her choice?” enquired Vicar Whals who was wearing, what seems to be, a ruby necklace with a hint of pink. “I hid her because I did not think the time was right to present her to you. In addition to this, the father mysteriously disappeared after he gave Jane this precious rose quartz necklace and gone to the cathedral, whilst her mother got killed in a car accident just a mile from the hospital Jane was born in.”

After greeting everyone, Jane quickly favoured Ms. Davison as she was not as boring as the rest of the crowd. Ms. Davison told Jane of her almost-impossible adventures in foreign countries. She also told Jane how she solved many murders and helped to track many criminals and murderers; only Mrs. Crow and Jane Crow, now, knew about this.

Grey, dull clouds suddenly formed in the sky above the Grand Plaza. “Oh bother and blast! Well, we shall eat even in the midst of this appalling weather.” Ms. Crow clapped to signal the servants to bring out the well-cooked lobsters surrounded bye crispy salad and delicious mussels. Ms. Davison had no idea it was lobster; she absolutely adores lobster, especially with mussels. Sadly not all the guests were there, Mr and Mrs Brown and Vicar Whals were three of them, so they could not start. Out of the blue, the magnificent stained windows broke and a dark, mysterious figure was highlighted from the lightning and the sound of a gunshot whilst a scream of help echoed as one guest fell silently towards her right and then to the floor…

“Ms. Jones! How miserable must her fiancé be? And only just a week until the wedding in Portsmouth! Why her, Lord?” gasped Ms. Foster as she dumb-wittedly dropped her champagne on to the blood stained rug near the victim.

An hour later, the police from Scotland Yard came and taped off the whole lounge; only police and Ms. Davison were allowed inside. The body was immediately brought to hospital for signs of the murder weapon. “Time of death,” announced chief inspector Mason, “12:21pm. A clock mysteriously broke, somehow.” “Odd how she fell to her left rather to her right when the window, the murderer broke through, was more to her right,” wondered Ms. Davison, “bring in the people who were not in the room at that point, chief. I think I shall question Mrs. Brown first.” “Very well Jane. Bring in Mrs. Brown!”

“Where were you at the time of the death?” “Why I was only on my way back from the cloak room,” replied Mrs. Brown, “I forgot my cigars. Oh did I just say that? Please don’t mention this to my husband. He’s so fussy about the cigars killing me! Load of poppycock if you ask me.” “Did you see or hear any mysterious sounds on your way back?” “Now that you mention it, I did hear a loud thump above me. Rubber-boots it sounded like.” “Yes, rubber-boots explains how he or she climbed down to the window.” “Are you right-handed or left-handed?” “Right-handed. Well I hope I’ve been of good use to you, Ms. Davison.”

“Where was I at the time of death? I was exploring the library; searching for my works and trying to see whether Agatha was a fan. It’s quite a prestigious thing to find out who one’s fan is and who is not,” replied Mr. Brown “Yes quite. Did you see anything at all?” “I did see a rather suspicious light, though not as bright, I still thought it was the odd lightning.” “Are you right-handed or left-handed?” “Left-handed.”

“Ms. Crawford, I don’t recall ever meeting you,” “Yes that’s because I came here to see Mr. Brown, he has financial issues; I’m from the insurance company and about to fine him as he did not pay his insurance over the month.” “, ah I see. Now back to my enquiry; where were you at the time of murder?” “I was on my way to the library when I suddenly heard the smash and the scream. I did see a figure walking to the hallway window with some sort of reflecting object in his left hand.” “Yes! Yes! That’s it! Thank you very much Ms. Crawford. Two last questions: did you see Mr. Brown in the library? Are you right-handed or left-handed?” “Yes and I’m left-handed.”

“I was at the loo when I heard a fuss; I panicked and accidentally dropped my precious jewellery box!” “Did you pick it up, Mrs. Anderson?” “I was planning to pick it up but when I got outside, a quarter of an hour ago, it seemed to disappear!” “Did you see or hear anything else?” “Um… I don’t remember.” “Out of interest, what is your occupation at the moment?” “I’m a professional knitter.” “Are you right-handed or left-handed?” “Both, a knitter has to be skilled in both hands to achieve high quality.”

“I was in the bedroom in between the bathroom and library. I accidentally left some of my belongings there from a week ago.” “Were you by yourself?” “One is never quite alone; God is always in our hearts.” “Are you right-handed or left-handed?” “Left, but I don’t know how that helps.” “It does Vicar, it does.”

Now inside the bedroom that was said to have the Vicar in it last week, Ms. Davison and chief inspector Mason searched every crack and corner for any clues. Then she stopped to look at the painting on the wall separating this room and the bathroom. Funny picture, a sailor on a boat hauling some rope (seems to be 2cm thick) towards Ms. Davison. “That’s it! Chief, please take this painting from the wall.” As soon as the painting came off, a hole was discovered, behind the painting, and about 2cm thick.

All the guests were ordered to come in to the lounge. “Everyone I have some prestigious…” A gunshot, a scream for help, a loud thud and Mr. Brown was dead…

“Phillip! No! Why Phillip?!” sobbed Mrs. Brown affectionately at the dead, old man, “Yes why Mr. Brown?” Suddenly Ms. Davison saw a piece of parchment, dropped by Mr. Brown, in the corner of her eye. “Father…father!” a bright smirk came over Ms. Davison’s face. “Father?” wondered the guests

“Two murders! Poor Ms. Jones and dear old Mr. Brown. Why? Why play this cruel game on these poor people?” “I’m not sure Ms. Jones never was meant to die; she had no financial issues, much money and there were no other signs why she should die.” Explained Ms. Davison, “You’re saying that it was not on purpose?!” “Yes, and now I’m ever so sure of the murderer’s plans and who they are.”

“Agatha Crow, you adopted Jane from a couple who died a few hours after the birth. Unfortunately you never knew the parents names, so the birth certificate was never specific. Of course the father never wanted to give his daughter to some stranger; it was the mother’s decision. In which case the father then decided to go on a drive to somewhere, the mother followed suit to find her frustrated husband. They met each other on a crossing near a cathedral; frustrated by the loss of his daughter, the father crashes the car at a tremendous speed at the mother’s car and killed her in the process. Despite killing his wife the father survived with a severe injury, a mental health problem, but there was hope; the local bishop heard the crash so instinctively came out to see what’s happened. He finds the father and takes him into care; the father stayed with the bishop and learnt the wonders of being a Roman Catholic.”

“Thirty-four years later the father, now a vicar, had managed to track down his daughter and so he comes here. Of course he came here to see his daughter but then had an idea; if he killed Agatha then he can adopt his daughter and eventually tell her the truth. So he decided to kill Agatha from the window. His plans were ruined by the thunder storm, he could not go out otherwise he would leave unmistakable foot-prints. But then he remembered that an old friend of his was here, and she was a professional knitter.

They talked to each other and made an agreement: if she provided him with rope, he would give her a quarter of the money that Jane will receive as she is heir to Agatha’s money. As she was about to give him the rope, they heard footsteps. He came into the bedroom he was in last week whilst she went into the bathroom. The painting was removed and the rope was exchanged through the hole behind the painting. Quickly he ran to the hall window, just above the lounge window, and climbed down it. Before he broke in, Vicar Whals was handed the murder weapon, a dagger, from Mrs. Anderson. The Vicar broke in, shot the clock with his shotgun and then threw his dagger at Agatha. Fortunately he missed but hit Ms. Jones, just on the left of Agatha, she fell towards her left because she was hit on her right and also the Vicar is left-handed. Am I correct Vicar Whals, or should I say Thomas Walsh?”

“Damn you Ms. Davison, every bit of detail was correct! Go on then, arrest me, but don’t forget Mrs. Anderson, she helped and she knew what she was in to.”

Applauds and cheers echoed around the scene-of-the-crime (the lounge). “But there’s more, you see Mr. Brown figured this out and found the last piece of evidence he needed to support his idea. That’s where this piece of parchments comes in, ‘Father’ it says, meaning the father of Jane Crow. Sadly the Vicar found out about this and when his chance arrived, last time we gathered in here, and shot Mr. Brown with the shotgun.”

After the police of Scotland Yard came and took Vicar Whals and Mrs. Anderson to jail, the guests finally could eat their fresh, newly-cooked lobsters with muscles. Ms. Davison enjoyed every bit of it and ended the meal by singing a gay, hysterical song she completely made up about mussels and lobsters singing and dancing.

* * *

Sekretaris Jenderal PBB Menolong kelaparan

Kemiskinan Makanan

• Ada 854 juta orang yang tidak punya cukup makanan, dari 852 juta di tahun lalu.


• Setiap hari, hampir 16 ribu anak-anak yang mati karena sebab-kelaparan; satu anak setiap 5 detik. Terus juga ada 2112 juta anak yang dihitungkan di 2007, jadi ada 0.000757576% yang mati setiap hari karena kelaparan. Jadi kalau anak-anak cuman mati karena laparan dan ibu-ibu tidak punya bayi dalam 132000 hari semua anak-anak akan mati.


• Karena jalan-jalannya Irak menjadi medan perang, banyak warganegara Irak menjadi tawanan di rumahnya sendiri dan jadi makin lapar, ibu-ibu juga punya banyak kesempatan akan punya bayi mereka di rumah.


• Harga makanan yang meningkat dari tahun lalu menjadi salah satu masalah besar untuk PBB memecahkan sampai 2015. Tetapi masih ada masalah-masalah yang masih belum selesai di dunia ini.


• 4 juta orang di UK(6.66666667% atau 1/15) tidak bisa membeli makanan yang cukup untuk kesehatan; 1 dari 7 orang-orang pada umur dari 65 tahun punya risiko mendapat kekurangan gizi.


• Salah satu masalah yang menghasilkan kemiskinan makanan adalah harga-harga bertambah terlalu banyak dari tahun lalu.

Karena hampir ada 854 juta, dari kelaparan, mati setiap hari di seluruh dunia, aku pertama coba untuk memecahkan soal berat ini di negara-negara yang di mempengaruhi paling banyak. Aku tahu anak-anak Irak mati karena mereka terjebak di rumah mereka dan juga bahwa banyak anak-anak tidak bisa membeli cukup makanan karena harganya terlalu mahal. Ada juga yang tidak punya banyak panen, pertolongan dan persediaan, seperti di Afrika. Jadi aku pertama memberikan Afrika ayir bersih untuk selama aku bisa, terus aku impor sapi dan ayam ke tempat tertentu seperti Zimbabwe dan Afrika Selatan. Kemudian aku mengirimkan beberapa tentara, yang sudah di Irak, dari Britania ke rumah-rumah, yang di mengilingi bagi bertempuran, untuk memberi makanan dan air ke orang-orang yang tinggal di dalam. Juga doktor-doktor yang selalu siap untuk menolongi ibu-ibu yang akan punya bayi.

Indonesia

Aku terus ke Indonesia untuk belajarin kenapa orang-orang Indonesia menanggulangi kesulitan-kesulitan kelaparan dan bagaimana aku bisa menhalangi kelaparan. Hasi-hasil ini mungkin karena sedikit hasil panennya Aceh dan Papua diberikan ke seluruh Indonesia jadi Aceh dan Papua punya lebih sedikit makanan dari panen-panen. Jadi pemecahanku adalah untuk Aceh dan Papua, kalau tidak menjadi negara sendiri, tidak harus memberikan panen-panenya ke kota-kota yang lain. Soalnya kalau terus memberikan panenya ke kota yang lain, nanti Aceh dan Papua tidak akan punya cukup makanan untuk semua orang-orang yang bertempat disana akan mati karena tidak punya cukup makanan.

India

Sekarang aku ke India untuk mencoba menhalangi kelaparan anak-anak yang di sekolah mereka dan di rumah mereka dan orang-orang tua. Meskipun pemerintah janjikan makanan yang punya cukup bahan gizi untuk anak-anak yang masih bertumbuh, makanan lengkap masih tidak di diberikan anak-anaknya India. Jadi aku perintahi pemerintah untuk bagikan sedikit hasilan panen ke anak-anak dan orang tua yang tidak bisa hidup sendiri, kalau tidak persedian sebagian pesawat dan senjata untuk India akan berhenti.

Korea Utara

Di Korea Utara aku belajar bahwa 65,000,000 orang dari 23 juta tidak punya cukup untuk di makan. Itu dekat 1/3 dari semua penduduk Korea Utara, kalau mau lebih tentu itu adalah 1/3.53846154 atau 28.2608696%. Salah satu hal yang menciptakan masalah ini adalah karena panen-panen tahun ini di meramalkan akan gagal karena banjiran-banjiran berat yang terjadi tahun lalu. Jadi aku bagikan bagian panennya Amerika ke Kore Utara. Aku pilih Amerika karena mereka udah punya banyak makanan dan (aku benaran berpikir) karena ada banyak orang Amerika yang terlalu gendut, karena mereka rakus dan pelit, mereka juga pikir mereka paling hebat.

Thailand

Sekalipun kemiskinan sudah menurunkan dari 48 tahun lalu, pendapatan penyaluran menjadi lebih buruk. Meskipun ada fakta-fakta yang membuktikan bahwa standar kehidupan di Thailand sudah dengan cepat bertambah baik untuk orang-orang Thai, masih ada banyak orang-orang miskin, terutama di utara-timur Thailand. Jadi aku pilihkan orang-orang yang mau bekerja untuk PBB dan menolong sebagian orang-orang Thai untuk membirikan makanan dan persediaan ke semua orang-orang yang tidak dapat cukup makanan. Dan juga satu sukarelawan dari PBB untuk memeriksakan kalau pemerintah bertolongi orang-orang Thai.

UK

Paling terakhir adalah UK. Meskipun tidak kelihatanya punya masalah makanan, 4 juta orang-orang di UK(6.66666667% atau 1/15) tidak bisa membeli pangah yang teratur. Jadi karena harga makanan terlalu mahal, aku akan mengurangi harganya makanan bagai 15% untuk semua negara-negara, tetapi Afrika yang aku akan menurungkan bagai 19%, supaya mereka tidak punya masalah ini juga.

* * *

If I were the UN Secretary General

Note from mum: This week's assignment came from family friend Binny Buchori who was staying with us for a couple of days. Jack should imagine being the secretary general of the UN and write what he would do to solve the problem of hunger/famine in the worl. BUT.. he has to write this 5 pages essay in Indonesian language ("Bahasa Indonesia"). We were concern that Jack is loosing his ability to speak, read and write in Indonesian Language and decide that he should re-learn it because one day being bi-lingual will be his asset. We all are looking forward to reading Jack's essay in Indonesia (and then we shall ask him to make a summary in English)

Basic Quantum Physics for 9 year olds

Note from mum: Jack has been saying to everyone that he wants to be a quantum physics scientist. So this week's assignment is a preparation to his ambitious dream. Frist Jack had to try to understand the basic concept of the subject. Then he has to explain it to a pupil 2 years younger than him (9-year-old). So he needs to explain the subject in simple sentences. Andy specified that Jack should not use words more than 3 syllables unless it is a name. Any difficult terminology should be explained in a bracket with in a simple sentence.

* * *

Basic Quantum Physics for 9 year olds






The Big Bang

The Big Bang happened from the remains of other universes which were destroyed by a black hole. According to the Big Bang model, the universe grew from an extremely dense and hot state and still grows today. A common and useful resemblance explains that space is expanding, carrying galaxies with it, like raisins in a rising loaf of bread. Just after a few bits of a second after the Big Bang, quarks and gluons roamed free in a blazing hot jumble of mater: a quark-gluon plasma. But then the plasma quickly cooled, and the quarks and gluon formed more familiar particles such as neutrons and protons which the formed atoms. The quark-gluon plasma reduced and disappeared. The universe was just too cool for the quark-gluon plasma, just as the Earths surface is too cool for a puddle of molten iron.

Particle Accelerators
Scientists have begun to re-create the conditions of the first few bits of a second of the universe. They did this by speeding up heavy nuclei (plural nucleus which is the centre of a particle) at 99.99% of the speed of light and slamming them together. This is achieved by a machine called a particle accelerator(a machine which speeds up particles); CERN’s, a french group of scientists based in Geneva, old accelerator is called the LEP, Large Electron-Proton Collider, which is now being replaced by the LHC, Large Hadron Collider, due to open in late May 2008.

Sub-Atomic Particles
Before we begin, a sub-atomic particle is a particle which either forms an atom or is smaller than one. All of matter is made from atoms which in turn are made from protons, neutrons and electrons. The proton and electron have a positive charge whilst the Neutron has a negative charge. A proton or a neutron are usually the nucleus of an atom and so are classed as nucleons, particles which forms the nucleus of an atom. An electron shell is either a group of electrons or, very rarely, an electron, which orbits and determines what element that atom creates. The number of protons and neutrons also determine the element.

Nuclear Weapons
The nuclear weapon we are going to look at produces their explosive energy, which makes them explode, through nuclear fission alone. These are known as atomic bombs, A-bomb or fission bombs. In fission weapons, a group of fissile (improved uranium or plutonium) is gathered into a supercritical mass, the amount of material needed to start a growing nuclear chain reaction, either by shooting one piece of material into another (known as the "gun" method), or by compressing a sphere of material using explosive chemicals to many times its original density (the "implosion" method).

A Sonnet by Jacques Bara

Note from Jack:
I am proud to present to you, my loving readers, 'A Sonnet by Jacques Bara'.

Enjoy!
Sincerely,
Jacques Bara

At Dawn’s feet I lay waiting
Life grew my mind in Creating.
She threw hurdles at thy
In her mind she was shy
From early times she came to Earth
Hidden by her mourning Dearth
Death came by her younglings soon
Over they were once came the Moon
Finely grew more in time
Great were they, faster than many chimes
More be made from their heavenly wombs
As none were lay in deathly tombs
Grew largely they beautifully did,
As they replaced Life’s mourning grid.

Jacques Almighty

Note from mum: Jack's assignment this time is rather 'radical' or 'controversial'. Religious reader, please do not feel offended.
We asked Jack to imagine that he were god (or God). The Earth is going to be hit by a meteor, and as god he will bring all people on Earth to a 'waiting room' - like Noah's ark - while create a new earth in 7 days. The people will be the same - same emotions, prejudice, multi-cultural, etc - but as god he has the priviledge to make the new earth different. By day 7, he has to put all the people onto the new earth and he has to explain why he arrange things in his new way. Bear in mind that he should learn from the mistakes and wrongs that was happening in the old Earth.
With no further delay, here is Jacques Amighty re-creation of earth.
--------

Geography

• Firstly this planet would be called Unition after the United Nations.
• Japan (in red) will move to the middle of France, Germany and Russia (black) in order for them to stop the illegal whaling.

• America and the UK (Green) will be moved nearer to the Equator so that they will see the effects of global warming better and will hopefully stop using non-eco-friendly.
• Replacing America would be Africa, the continent, turned at a 90degree turn also this would help the Africans.
• Iraq (yellow) and Afghanistan (blue) will be separated by moving Iraq south-west to the Pacific Ocean where it will touch no land as there is a chance of another war and then Afghanistan south to the Indian Ocean where they would face becoming an island.

Fuels and Resources

• Oil (in black and measured by the largeness of the spot) will be founded in harsh places in order for people to abuse the advantages of oil and pollute the world again.
• Buried deep underground are small gold and diamond mines (yellow spot) which are so deep so that less people won’t recognise it and so won’t create fights and/or robberies.Whilst everything else stays the same apart from a few little changes, read on to see what they are.

1st Day of Creation (again)

I began to shape Unition by the natural particles which I used for Earth. The basic form of Unition is a perfectly rounded sphere the same size as Earth. I created first a centre of gravity in mid-space where Earth used to be stationed. Because of this rock and dust began to form on to the gravity sphere growing slowly bigger which made my job much easier. Since I was sometimes an impatient man, well God, I sped the cycle which then finished in a day. Unition looked marvellous, well if you imagine it hard enough, it felt as if my new planet moulded itself perfectly in Earth’s path and began its orbit around the Sun. Also I created a new moon since the original got hit on one of its sides and floated off into another universe where Andy and Adeline Almighty, my parents, commanded the universe. I did the same process as Unition only with a smaller centre of gravity. More dust quickly came to this centre of gravity and soon formed the moon which orbited Unition as the original did.

2nd Day of Creation

As I remembered my basic chemistry I quickly gathered 2hydrogens and 1oxygen and merged them into water. I placed my newly formed water into my ‘spray can’ and ‘sprayed’ water onto the Unition. Cautiously I placed the right amounts of water in each part as I don’t want say the UK plunging deep into the oceans. Using asteroids from near by I shaped each country or continents and place them ever so carefully into where they lay on Earth unless I plan to change them.

3rd Day of Creation

I created another atmosphere, ozone layer and placed basic particles which I used for Earth in the atmosphere. Oxygen quickly formed from the particles I gave it and then other gases began to form such as helium, nitrogen etc.

4th Day of Creation

I gave certain places certain climates. Everything was based on the original and so Oceans are Oceans, deserts are deserts; ice caps are ice caps etc. From this these lands are now inhabitable and await the animals and humans of Earth.

5th Day of Creation

Plants formed from the fertile soil I provided them. Most of these plants are copies of the original models but have improved themselves by evolving slightly in order for them to change very quickly if the climate changes.

6th Day of Creation

The waiting room began to empty as one by one the animals and humans habited the Unition. Most people took everything as it was pretty well and so I have one less thing to worry about. The animals accepted the changes and quickly found their new homes.

Economy

I decide that there would be no such thing as money as this will corrupt the minds of many people. America and the UK will become one small continent and will have many resources split between them as they will both become more diplomatic with each other.

Materials

Paper will be made of thin, boiled silk which will then be dried and later pressed to make it as thin as paper. Cotton and wool will be only created by sheep, because then places such as Uzbekistan will not treat their children harshly as they did on Earth. Plastic will be made from oxidising rubber and then boil for a short amount of time. Some gems may be copied and produced by humans but their quality will be less unique and also they will be more fragile.

Time

No children will be born on 29th of February as it will be unfair that their age is less than usual.

Other Things Concerning Unition

Everyone will be as lucky as everyone else as it will not be fair if someone is luckier than the other. In addition to luck, there will be no bad luck or good luck charms as it will unbalance chances. Although people may posses what they think is a good luck charm such as their favourite teddy bear. Food chains will always have a plant as the producer unless it concerns a Venus Fly Trap which will be a secondary consumer.

Diary of President Jacques Bara

Note from mum: as I mentioned in the post before, Jack's assignment this week is to think as if he were the president of the USA. He has 72 hours to travel wherever there is crisis in the world and solve them. He got 10 days for this assignment. In the middle of the assignment, he asked for some extension to the 72 hours in a 'formal letter/email' to Andy. Well, here is the diary of The President of the USA Jacques Bara. Please do not hesitate to post comments.


* * *

Day 1, 10:00a.m
Today I will start my long 83hours 25mins journey to solve the main world crisises. I will be riding passenger flights as it will decrease my carbon footprint. I am hoping that each stay would be at least 4h long apart from Paris. I will chart the time as it is in America so that it will not confuse me. On every flight I will sleep to gain my energy. This is my, hopefully successful, route through the world (flight times):

· Washington-Brasilia:9hours(doesn’t count), Brazilian rain forests, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva
· Brasilia-cairo:21hours25min, homeless, poor, ill people of Africa, Hosni Mubarak
· Cairo-Tokyo:14hours50min, whaling, Akihito
· Tokyo-Jakarta:8hours, unattended people of Indonesia, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
· Jakarta-Paris:17hours50min, this is just a pit stop
· Paris-London:1hour20min, carbon footprint, Queen Elizabeth 2

I took a flight from Washington to Brasilia at 10:00am and flew for 9hours. My flight there was mostly a relaxing sleep and a last minute practice at my speech. Once I arrived at Brasilia, 7:00pm American time, I was greeted by the president of Brazil, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, in a black Rolls Royce. I thanked him for his kindness and advised him for us to start. He agreed with little suspicion and listened carefully to my offerings. We started once inside the presidential building where he lived, and this is exactly what I said down to the last letter:

“Firstly, I would like to thank you for listening letting me visit and will start. Now I’m sure you realise what is happening to the Brazilian rainforests and so I will advice you to at least consider a ban for bulldozers and anything which may cause a stop to the rainforests here. In addition to this I will announce a stop in supplying nuclear weapons and aircraft parts to your country if you do not agree with me, but I will give your people good supplies if you ban cutting down the Brazilian rainforests.”

He disagreed with my terms with this unexpected reply:
“I am sorry President Bara but our country has a fine management and we do not need your advice. We have fixed the current problem which you have acknowledged and will disagree. Now leave our country and let us deal with our situations for we are a great country and although we respect others we are capable of saying no.”

The vice-president, Jose Alencar Gomes da Silva, added to this:
“Excuse me Luiz, but you are forgetting President Bara’s consequence was a stop to our supplies of nuclear weapons and aircraft parts. I, personally, would accept his help with gratitude and place the ban.”

“But this is the time to show our independence and power, and proudly neglect the offer. We also are not in war with any country or countries and so do not require any nuclear weapons.”

“I respect your independent country as a fellow president and as a human being, but I must remind you of the importance of your rainforests and that I have millions of armies under my control and can declare war at any single time. The forests here are a massive help to stop pollution and are homes to many species of wildlife, so this deserves as much respect as Brazil and can not just be chopped down and used as burning wood!”

“I’m afraid I have to agree with him, we can not just let millions of wildlife get killed or injured!”

“Alas, my vice and you are simply correct and so I admit defeat and will take your offer with gratitude and will respect the many citizens of Brazil whether they are animals or humans.”

Our debate lasted 3h 15min and I am now boarding the next flight to Cairo.

Day 2, 11:25am

As I left the plane I saw about a dozen black jeeps and on one of them was President Hosni Mubarak wearing a pair of sunglasses. He greeted me with respect and I greeted him back. We drove for 45minutes and then stopped for a traditional lunch where we discussed the problem.

“I will make a long speech short, I will go to the capital of each country which is surrounding Egypt and tell each president what I will tell you: Supply your poor citizens with as much as they need and then spread my word to other countries in Africa in doing so you will have support and help from America.”

“Very well, but how do you suppose we get the money?”

“As I said you will have support and help from America; we will buy gems that has been mined here and anywhere in Africa and the money you get must at least half go to the poor.”

“And will you side with us if we were in any war with another country?”

“We will try to help as much as possible but we will not be on your side every time as we have other countries as allies.”

“I accept that and will lend you half-a-dozen jeeps armed with my best men to succeed in your journey to Khartoum, N’djamena and Tripoli.”

“I thank you president for your kindness and would like to begin.”

So I begin my short 3h journey through Khartoum, N’djamena and Tripoli. I began at Khartoum to meet Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir. He greeted me with an unexpected suspicion but I managed to make him listen and I told him exactly what I said to President Mubarak. This went perfectly well and so I headed off to N’djamena to visit Idriss Deby who was incredibly accepting. Finally I visited Tripoli and Baghdadi Mahmudi and so now I’ve got Sudan’s, Chad’s and Libya’s acceptance I head off for Tokyo.

6:15pm
I arrived with much relaxation and told my speech calmly and efficiently.

Although my speech seemed luring Emperor Akihito neglected my offer which was this:

“Firstly I like to thank you for your kindness and a great breakfast. Obviously you already know of the whaling that has been happening in Japan, but I’m not sure whether you know how dangerous whaling is to the wildlife. It causes a break in food chains, it baits whales into extinction. So I ask you as a friend and as a president to stop the constant whaling.”

“President Bara, I have dealt with this and we have declared that our people need the whales for both their meat and their skins. We will not stop whaling under any circumstances!”

“I think you are forgetting the USA’s power over countries in the U.N and we can declare war upon you with many great allies, so my advice is to choose wisely.”

“Are you saying I am stupid? Mr. Bara our country is possibly the worlds finest electrical supplier and can do what we please!”

“Oh come on Akihito, whales are dying, you’re almost declaring war you should be ashamed! What has whales done to your country? Nothing. So I suggest you ban whaling altogether and I will do as you ask.”

“Fine, I agree on one condition: you supply us with monk fish to replace the whales and pay if you want us to supply anymore electrical supplies.”

“I accept, but if you begin whaling once more, well you’ve been warned.”

Well that went smoothly, I only had to bribe him. Next on the list is the capital of the most Muslim-populated country of Indonesia, Jakarta.

Day 3, 2:15am

Now in Soekarno-Hatta, an airport in sunny Jakarta, I was greeted with a plate of fried rice or as they knew it, ‘Nasi Goreng’, given by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s secretary. His translator, not that he could not speak english, was younger than any I’ve seen because she was possibly 19-20years old. We drove in a black Toyota something to a great little restaurant called ‘The Peak’ which, as the name suggests, lay on a small peak. We ate one of the best meals of food I have ever ate. As the dessert came in we discussed about the matter of how little attention poor citizens are getting eventhough the goverment has promised supplies.

“I would like to say just how great food in your country is. Having many poor friends here, they wrote to me once saying though you and the goverment has promise a great deal to the citizens they are not getting any help or attention. I don’t know whether you already knew about this or not, so if you do I will not mention their names. And from this you’ll probbably know what my favour will be.”

“President Susilo says he has given the citizens enough supplies and thinks you are lying and that you are offending him. He says you must leave and tell your friends that they are wrong and will be found out about by this country’s goverment.”

“I have two reasons why you should reconsider your decision. A) The U.S.A has great power and can do many things such as announce war with other countries and Veto. B) If you allow me to show you a place I know in Jakarta where there are a lot of refuges living near the river. I wonder if you’ve been there, it’s really crowded and you Indonesians call it ‘Telukgong’.”

“I’ve driven passed it many times with the president but he never pays attention.”

“How dare you, I have always payed attention to the many citizens and they all look happy!”

“Then, Mr. Susilo why have you never noticed the horrible state they are in and how they are getting moved to a worse place in order to built some buildings there? Although they refuse your goverment keeps trying to move them with force.”

“Fine! I admit my ignorance and arrogance and will agree if you agree not to declare war on us.”

“Very good choice, I will now leave you in peace and I will get reports of your state in a month’s time.”

A great president with a lack of kindness results in war and havoc. As I flew on the next plane to Paris I could not see much as there was a thick calm mist around the ground.

8:05pm

Changed flights to London.

9:25pm

I arrived at London Heathrow airport where security was at half-full. I was picked up by a black limo droven and armed by MI6, the british version of CIA. They told me the Queen was expecting me in Buckingham Palace and her servants has prepared us a tradittional full english breakfast. It consisted of bacon, baked beans, cheese on toast and egg. As we arrived I saw Queen Elizabeth II and her Corgi’s standing under the sunny sky infront of the Palace. We entered and walked to the main hall where we sat on a well-polished teak chair.

“One would like to say how much pleasure One gets with One’s friend.”

“Why thank you Your Majesty. It is a pleasure to see you again. I would like to start now if you do not mind.”

“Certainly, One is very interested in what One’s friend says.”

“I am sure that you, as a Queen, know about global warming and trying to reduce it, so I will make a long speech short. I will give this country a founding of £1,000,000,000 if you will replace every 4x4 with an electrical car or an estate which ever they decide with as much comfort and if it is cheaper than the 4x4 then give them however much cheaper it is.”

“One thinks although this is a marvellous idea One has a problem. What will One do to the 4x4cars and where will One get the estate and electric cars from?”

“Simply recycle the 4x4s into much more needed items such as aircraft parts or weapons.”

“But will the citizens agree?”

“Some might some might think it is a load of...”

“Mr. Bara!”

“I’m sorry your Majesty I was going to say junk.”

“Very well.”

This one might not succeed very well but I am hoping that they will one day accept the facts and become more echo-friendly. Well the last 3days have been amazing, I am now heading back to Washington D.C and am pleased with my work.

My Philosophy

Note from mum: Now this article is not an assignment from any of us or his school. Jack had been reading "Sophie's World" and some modern physics books and he built his own 'philosophy'.

* * *

Time

I think time is like an animation. Every fraction of a nanosecond is a frozen scene (Like an animation!), so 2 scenes would not have the same person even though their both in the same place. So when the idea of time travelling back in time, would mean going back lots of scenes back and stopping at a scene and moving on to the next, then next, and next…In the right speed and order. And with this if someone stopped time, everything ends and never come back because no one is there to re-start time.

End of Universe (Ours)

In addition to the idea of the universe ending if there was no time, I say that the world and beyond will die in two ways:
· It just stops for some reason. (And no! I do not know how, I’m not a scientist am I?!)
· Like I said in the paragraph before, someone will stop time and then causing the universe and him or her to stop.
I have based the first theory on a paper aeroplane. (Yes, you heard it, a paper aeroplane!) For my first reason is because sometimes a paper aeroplane goes of straight and then fall. So that means that the plane (Us) flied straight and crashed (Representing end of the world and beyond).
And also a new universe might be created from the universe before it. So our universe might not be the first to form and evolve.

Time lock

I think (following the idea of time travel, see ‘Time’ paragraph lines 4-7) that when you go back in time, say when your mum and dad married each other and stop them getting married, you will be doing that forever! Let me explain, first of all, if you stop your mum and dad marrying each other then 2 possibilities comes up:
· Possibility A: You were never born.
· Possibility B: You either won’t have any parents, have no dad, or have no mum.
But the effect will be just the same. You would never of gone back in time to stop the wedding (or whatever it was to cause the possibilities) in which case, will mean that your mum and dad got married, and so you were born again, but because you don’t know this, you go back in time again to stop the wedding, and again, and again, and again… So now your in a time lock, and only you or whoever travelled back in time are in it.

If you were US President Jacques Bara Obama

Note from mum:
This is Jack's latest assignment: you were US President Jacques Bara Obama, and you were given 72 hours to go to troubled places and solve human's problem. The 72 hours starts at his first place and then he should include all flight and travelling time. If he needs more time for any urgent mission, he should ask in a formal letter. He has 10 days to complete this task and submit his proposal.

* * *

On day-2, Jack sent us this letter:

Dear Sir Andy Cooke,

I am writing to you to explain why I need more time. I require 11 hours and 15 minutes in order for me to go to London and sort out the crisis in England. I am concerned about how big the carbon footprint of England is. A massive amount of Europe’s carbon footprint comes alone from the UK. I will declare to Queen Elizabeth that I will pay the UK $100,000,000 if she agrees that all 4x4 owners cars get replaced with a diesel powered estate car or an electric car. If she refuses then I will explain to her this is a matter of global warming and people must do as much as they can in order to stop it, otherwise sooner or later massive floods and tides will fill the world from the melted ice caps in any ice bearing country.

Sincerely,

President Jacques Bara Obama of the United States of America

An Interview with Albert Einstein

Note from mum: This is Jack's next assignment. If he had the exclusive opportunity to ask Einsten 10 questions, what would his questions? After figuring out the questions, he has to answer it as Einstein. Any creative thoughts are welcome and there is no right or wrong. Here is Jack's imaginary interview with Einstein.

* * *
1. Jacques: What happens to antimatter and matter if they collide with each other head-on?
Einstein: The molecules inside antimatter and matter will annihilate each other when they are head-on. For some reason this theory works in reverse, so antimatter and matter can just come out of no where, but because of the tiny space in between them there is a chance that they will annihilate each other straight away.

2. Jacques: What caused the Big Bang to happen?
Einstein: Parts of other universes which were destroyed by a black hole which formed and grew itself into a giant explosion which is the Big Bang and then shaped it into the universe we are in now. A black hole is caused when a star has so much gravitational force that even light can not escape it’s clutches, because there is nothing faster than light all objects are pulled in by the force.

3. Jacques: Why is a black hole known as a black hole?
Einstein: The answer isn’t certain but it might be because it pulls in objects into darkness or emptiness.

4. Jacques: Can you tell me about the LHC (Large Hadron Collider)?
Einstein: The LHC is located in Geneva, Switzerland and belongs to CERN, the French acronym for the European Organisation for Nuclear Research; it costs more than £4billion and has a length of 27km. It is still being made and will open sometime in 2008. This large particle accelerator is a key importance and will help scientific theories. One of them is to prove the existence of supersymmetrical particles such as squarks, selectrons, sleptons etc. According to the theory of supersymmetry when the ‘regular’ particles were made by the Big Bang a matching supersymmetrical particle was made with it, these twins have far more mass than ‘regular’ particles making them massively unstable and, so to this, they disappear almost right when they are born.

5. Jacques: What happened when nucleosynthesis occurred only a few minutes after the Big Bang?
Einstein: Nucleosynthesis was the process when new atomic nucleuses were created from preexisting nucleons, protons and neutrons. These earlier particles were created by the quark-gluon plasma from the Big Bang once it cooled below 10,000,000 degree Celsius. A few minutes later, starting with only the preexisting nucleons, nuclei up to lithium and beryllium (both having a mass number of 7) existed but in relatively small numbers. This first process of primordial nucleosynthesis could also be called nucleogenesis. The subsequent nucleosynthesis of the elements (all carbon, all oxygen, etc.) occurs firstly in stars either by what’s known as nuclear fusion or nuclear fission.

6. Jacques: What are the most basic particles which are smaller than atoms?
Einstein:
- Leptons : Electrons, Electron Neutrino, Muon, Muon Neutrino, Tau, Tau Neutrino
- Quarks: Down Quark, Up Quark, Strange Quark, Charm Quark, Bottom Quark, Top Quark
- W Boson Z Boson Gluon Photon
Force Carriers
These are the fundamental particles of the standard model with its partner.

7. Jacques: What order is the periodic table in?
Einstein: It is in the order of their atomic numbers. For example Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 and so is first. Another thing is the periodic table are made of ‘pure’ elements and so each one of them are not made of other elements (for example carbon dioxide is a mixture between 2 oxygen molecules and 1 carbon so it is not a ‘pure’ element).

8. Jacques: What is it that detonates a hydrogen bomb?
Einstein: Hydrogen bombs work by using the energy of a fission bomb in order to compress and heat fusion fuel. In the Teller-Ulam design, which represents all other multi-megaton yielding hydrogen bombs, this is accomplished by stating a fission bomb and fusion fuel (such as tritium, deuterium or lithium deuteride) approximately into a special, radiation-reflecting container. When the fission bomb is detonated gamma and X-rays emitted, at the speed of light, first compress the fusion fuel, and then heat it to what’s known as thermonuclear temperatures. The fusion reaction creates enormous numbers of high-speed neutrons, which then can cause fission in materials which normally are not prone to it, such as depleted uranium.

9. Jacques: What is the ‘standard model’ of particle physics?
Einstein: The ‘standard model’ of particle physics is the theory which describes three of the four known interactions between the elementary particles (such as protons, neutrons…etc) which made all of matter. It is a quantum field theory developed between 1970 and 1973 which is regular with both quantum mechanics and special relativity. Up to now, almost all experimental tests of the three forces described by the standard model have agreed with its predictions. However, the standard model falls back of being a complete theory of fundamental interactions, firstly because of its lack of the inclusion of gravity, the fourth known fundamental interaction, but also because of the eighteen numerical parameters (such as masses and coupling constants) that must be put ‘by hand’ into the theory (rather than being from the first principles).

10. Jacques: What is an atom made of?
Einstein: A negatively charged neutron, a positively charged proton and a negatively charged electron cloud surrounding the proton and neutron. When the number of protons in the nucleus equals the number of electrons, the positive and negative charges equal out and the atom is electrically neutral; otherwise it is an ion and is either positively charged or negatively charged. An atom is classified according to its how many neutrons and protons it has; the number of protons determines the chemical element of the atom and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of that element.